Current use of agrimony is based on centuries of its use in treating a variety of health problems. Although different medicinal properties are attributed to the many different varieties of agrimony (Park, et al., 2012), recent research has discovered antiviral (Shin, et al., 2010), antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and metabolism-boosting properties (Ivanova, Vankova, & Nashar, 2012). Human research on this herb as a treatment for MS is virtually nonexistent, although some promising animal model studies are investigating the herbu2019s properties as they relate to MS symptoms.
Astragalus is an herb that has been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Although there are many species of this plant, only two are typically used for medicinal purposes: Astragalus membranaceus and Astragalus mongholicus. According to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), astragalus is safe for most adults but may interact with drugs that affect the immune system (2012). This herb is thought to affect the immune system, liver, and heart, but there has not been enough research in humans to fully understand its effects.
Arctium lappa, commonly known as burdock, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and European medicine for centuries. It is touted for its apparent ability to promote circulation and reduce inflammation (Chan, et al., 2011). Burdock is being studied for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities and its potential impact on cancer, diabetes, skin conditions, and the gastrointestinal system. Severe allergic reactions to burdock are possible, and not enough research on MS and burdock has been done to determine whether it is useful for people with MS.
Apparently catnip is not just for kittiesu2014some individuals use this herb for MS pain management. Catnip has sedative effects, which may actually make fatigue worse or multiply the effect of other sedative medications (Bowling & Stewart, 2004). Research in humans is sorely lacking, but early animal trials on extracts of various species of this plant indicate that catnip may have anti-inflammatory and pain relief abilities (Ali, et al., 2012; Bouidida, et al., 2008).
Cramp bark, or Viburnum opulus, is plant bark that is used to treat cramps and spasms. Although human research on this herb is in its infancy, it appears to have antioxidants and anti-cancer effects that may inhibit the growth of tumors or lesions (Rop, et al., 2010; Ulger, et al., 2012).
Although cranberry juice (unsweetened 100% juice, not cocktail or mixed juices) and cranberry tablets have long been used to fend off urinary tract infections, research indicates that its benefit may be less than previously expected (Jepson, Williams, & Craig, 2012). Diluted pure cranberry juice (which is high in antioxidants) and cranberry tablets may be an easy way to give MS patients with bladder dysfunction a bit of an advantage, however. Complications with this remedy are rare.
DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid, which can be obtained by consuming vegetable oils, fatty fish, or omega-3 dietary supplements. According to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), DHA is essential for blood flow, muscle activity, digestion, cell growth, and brain function (2012). In patients with MS, DHA supplements may help protect the central nervous system (Shinto, et al., 2011). Its anti-inflammatory properties and ability to promote brain health may prove useful for people with MS (Simopoulos, 2002; Kong, Yen, & Ganea, 2011). Side effects to DHA supplementation are typically mild, although it can thin the blood and make clotting difficult. Most people with MS may be able to safely supplement with DHA with the guidance of a physician.
Fish liver oil and cod liver oil are not the same as plain fish oils, which many people take for the omega-3 fatty acids. Liver oils from fish contain omega-3 fatty acids as well as vitamins A and D, which can cause overdose effects in large amounts (NCCAM, 2012). Some research indicates that cod liver oil is not as useful as regular fish in the diet for diseases that cause demyelination (Torkildsen, et al., 2009). However, the vitamin D in cod liver oil may have a protective effect prior to the onset of MS (McDowell, et al., 2011). In general, however, vitamin D and the fatty acids found in fish liver and its oils may offer a variety of health benefits from which people with MS are not excluded.
There are several varieties of ginseng used for medicinal purposes. Most forms of ginseng have some well-supported health benefits. Panax ginseng, for instance, is possibly effective for improving thinking and memory and relieving erectile dysfunction, although its safety is less well known (NIH, 2012). American ginseng may help prevent respiratory infections, and Siberian ginseng may have antiviral properties that could help fight a cold. Most forms of ginseng also have benefits for diabetics, but all forms carry the risk of allergy and drug interaction. Always ask a physician before adding ginseng to an MS dietary regimen.
Lemongrass, a widely known plant popular in aromatherapy and Asian cooking, has been well studied for its antimicrobial properties. It may also have properties that promote sleep and prevent seizures, based on animal studies (Bianco et al., 2009). Other animal trials do not show these effects, however, and the medicinal properties of lemongrass have been studied very little in humansu2014particularly for symptoms related to multiple sclerosis.
Traditionally used as a liver tonic, milk thistle is being studied in the modern age for its impact on liver inflammation and health (Hackett, Twedt, & Gustafson, 2013). The herb is available in a variety of forms (tinctures, supplements, etc.), but the appropriate doses for treatment of conditions in humans is unknown. More research needs to be done before this herb can be officially recommended for treatment of MS symptoms.
Myrrh has historically been treasured for its aroma and use in ritual religious ceremonies. In addition, it has been used for centuries for its medicinal properties. It was believed to have antiseptic abilities as well as the power to fight diabetes, circulation problems, and rheumatism (Etman, et al., 2011). It also appears to have useful anti-inflammatory properties (Kim, et al., 2012) for the modern treatment of health problems. It does not appear to have been studied specifically for symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
Peppermint has long been used topically and in the form of tea or capsules to promote digestive health, fight muscle and nerve pain, relieve headaches, and ease nausea or stress (NCCAM, 2012). There is insufficient research to determine whether it is clinically useful for the treatment of MS, but research is promising for its effect on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Probiotics are bacteria that are thought to be useful to the body. They are often called u201cgood bacteriau201d and are similar to the microorganisms found in the human body (NCCAM, 2012). Probiotics are available in the form of supplements and yogurts. Limited research suggests that probiotics may be useful in avoiding malabsorption of nutrients in people with MS (Kidd, 2001). In general, probiotics may have anti-inflammatory properties that may boost immune and neurological health (Hemarajata & Versalovic, 2013).
Schizandra (Schisandra) berry is thought to have antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties (Jung, et al., 2012; Takimoto, et al., 2013). Animal trials suggest it may also have a neuroprotective ability (Lee, Jung, & Lee, 2012). However, schizandra berries have not been well studied for their potential to relieve MS symptoms in humans.
Slippery elm has long been used as a treatment for skin problems, gastrointestinal discomforts, coughs, and sore throats (Ehrlich, 2011). There is not enough research on slippery elm to know whether it is effective at treating MS symptoms.
This popular alternative to sugar has long been used for diabetes treatment. Recent research has also identified antioxidant effects and other properties that could potentially improve liver and kidney health (Shivanna, et al., 2012). There is not enough research on stevia and MS to be able to recommend its use for treatment of MS symptoms.
This fat-soluble vitamin plays a critical role in vision, reproductive health, and the immune system. Vitamin A is also important for proper function of the heart and other organs (ODS, 2012). Vitamin A can be found naturally in a variety of foods (such as leafy greens, organ meats, fruits, and dairy products) or obtained through a supplement. It is possible to overdose on vitamin A, and it should not be taken in large doses without the advice of a physician. Vitamin A supplementation has been linked to delays in age-related macular degeneration (ODS, 2012). The antioxidants in vitamin A may be useful for people with MS, but the connection has not been well explored (Besler, Comoglu, & Okcu, 2002; Filippi, Preziosa, & Rocca, 2013).
Vitamin B12 is important for the proper function of nerve cells, red blood cells, the brain, and many other body parts. Deficiencies lead to weakness, weight loss, numbness and tingling in hands and feet, balance problems, confusion, memory problems, and even nerve damage (ODS, 2011). People with MS may be more likely to develop a B12 deficiency, making supplementation a good option for some individuals (Biswas, et al., 2012; Zhu, He, & Liu, 2011). Together, vitamins B6 and B12 may be important for eye health. However, there is insufficient evidence to connect vitamin B12 supplementation to improved MS symptoms.
Vitamin E is an important fat-soluble nutrient and antioxidant. It is essential for immune system health and preventing blood clots. Vegetable oils, nuts, and green vegetables are the best food sources of vitamin E (ODS, 2011). The antioxidant abilities of vitamin E have been of interest to researchers for their potential protective role in MS (Butterfield, et al., 2002). People with MS may already have low levels of vitamin E (Salemi, et al., 2010). However, there is not enough research on vitamin E and MS to know whether it is a truly effective treatment option for MS symptoms.
Zinc is a mineral that is necessary in small amounts for human health. It is used to boost the immune system, treat a variety of eye problems, address skin conditions, and even fight viruses and neurodegenerative conditions. Research suggests many people with multiple sclerosis may have a low intake of zinc (Ramsaransing, Mellema, & De Keyser, 2009). More research is needed, but it is possible that some individuals with MS may benefit from the apparent promotion of eye health and the neuroprotective effect of zinc (Organisciak, et al., 2012; Sobieszczanska, et al., 2012).
